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C. Iceland and Norway openly allow commercial whaling within set quotas. Japan kills hundreds of whales every year as “scientific research” but then sells the meat just like commercial whalers. Most seafaring nations have a history of whaling, including the United States which led the world in killing whales for oil during the 19th century.
B. Iceland is closer to continental Europe than North America, and the island is generally included in Europe for historical, political, cultural, and practical reasons. Geologically the island includes parts of both continental plates and sits upon the mid-Atlantic ridge. The island's closest body of land is Greenland.
A. Although it's just outside the Arctic Circle, the Gulf Stream gives Iceland a milder climate than many countries much farther south. By contrast, most of Greenland is covered by a permanent ice sheet. According to legend, a Norseman exiled from Iceland settled on the frigid island and named it Greenland in the hope that the pleasant name would attract settlers.
D. Vikings and their slaves from Norway and the British Isles began settling Iceland in 874. In 930, settlers established the Althing to rule the country. Except for a 45-year span, the Althing has run Iceland's affairs as one of the oldest extant parliamentary institutions in the world.