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B. Pakistan is bordered by Afghanistan to the northwest, China to the northeast, India to the southeast, the Arabian Sea to the south and Iran to the west. Taliban religious militants once ruled all of Afghanistan and still exert control over much of the area along the Afghanistan-Pakistan border.
C. Pakistan is the second most populous Muslim majority country in the world, with 95 percent of Pakistanis observing Islam. Pakistan's top military leader, Gen. Ashfaq Parvez Kayani visited Mala in the hospital and said her attackers "have no respect even for the golden words of the prophet ... that 'the one who is not kind to children, is not amongst us.' "
D. Pakistan and India have fought four wars since the two states were created by the partition of British India in 1947. The partition caused the migration of 14.5 million people as Hindus and Sikhs fled into India and Muslims ran to Pakistan. Estimates of the number of deaths from religious violence on both sides of the border range around roughly 500,000.
A. It is estimated that between 2 million and 3 million people in Bangladesh were killed by Pakistani armed forces as the Muslim but ethnically different population of eastern Pakistan fought to secede from control by the western provinces. Pakistani troops were forced to surrender, and India took approximately 90,000 prisoners of war who were eventually returned to what was left of Pakistan.