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B. Gaddafi ruled Libya from 1969 until he was captured and killed by rebels during a civil war in 2011. The Libyan civil war began after mass street demonstrations during a wave of protests in what was called the Arab Spring. The protests began in Tunisia and spread across Muslim nations in North Africa and southwest Asia. Besides Libya, rulers in Tunisia, Egypt and Yemen were forced out.
A. Algeria won its independence from France in 1962 after the eight-year Algerian War. Massive demonstrations forced Algeria’s president Abdelaziz Bouteflika to resign this month after nearly 20 years in power. But protests continued with demands that Bouteflika’s allies are also removed from power.
D. Sudan gained independence from British rule in 1956. After four months of the biggest street protests in a generation, Sudan’s President Omar Hassan al-Bashir was forced out of office. One day later, the general who replaced him was also forced out.
C. A coup d'etat is a sudden and decisive action in politics, especially one resulting in a change of government illegally or by force.